據美國彭博新聞社2022年1月5日報道，石油輸出國組織(歐佩克)去年12月份只實現了計劃產量的部分增長，歐佩克的兩個非洲成員國的石油供應受到中斷的影響。

彭博社近日進行的一項調查結果顯示，歐佩克去年12月份的原油日產量僅增加了9萬桶，尼日利亞等的減產抵消了沙特阿拉伯的增產。  

由沙特阿拉伯和俄羅斯領導的歐佩克+聯盟已經恢復了疫情期間停止的部分原油生產，并于周二（1月4日）同意繼續以每天40萬桶的速度進一步增產。 但由于一些成員國面臨投資限制和內部形勢不穩定的問題，這一增產進程受到了阻礙。

盡管全球市場重新陷入供過于求的局面，但歐佩克+聯盟的努力仍在幫助支撐油價，周三倫敦布倫特原油期貨交易價接近每桶80美元。

在尼日利亞，荷蘭皇家殼牌公司警告稱，在本月最后10天，從尼日利亞最大港口之一的福卡多斯終端運輸原油會遇到困難。同樣由殼牌公司運營的邦尼終端在裝載貨物方面也遇到了困難。尼日利亞的原油日產量下降了11萬桶，至142萬桶。

根據歐佩克與更廣泛聯盟達成協議的條款，歐佩克的13個成員國中有10個成員國12月獲準每天增加約25萬桶石油，但它們加起來僅增加了15萬桶。 盡管安哥拉上個月實現了小幅復蘇，但其產量下降了協議要求的近3倍。

這些數據是基于船舶跟蹤數據、官員提供的信息以及挪威著名能源研究公司雷斯塔能源公司和JBC Energy GmbH等咨詢公司的估計得出的。

限制正在打擊更廣泛聯盟中的其他國家。 俄羅斯12月雖然慷慨地提高了歐佩克+配額，但其仍未能提高原油產量，這表明俄羅斯已動用了現有的所有原油產能。  

李峻 編譯自 美國彭博新聞社

原文如下：

OPEC Output Boost Severely Limited

OPEC made only part of its planned production increase last month, with supplies hampered by disruptions in two of the group’s African members.

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries added just 90,000 barrels a day in December, as a boost by Saudi Arabia was offset by losses in Nigeria, according to a Bloomberg survey. 

The OPEC+ coalition led by Saudi Arabia and Russia has been restoring production halted during the pandemic, and on Tuesday agreed to press on with further increases at a rate of 400,000 barrels a day. But the process has been hindered as some members struggle with investment constraints and internal instability. 

The coalition’s travails are helping to support oil prices even as global markets tip back into oversupply, with Brent crude futures trading near $80 a barrel in London on Wednesday.

In Nigeria, Royal Dutch Shell Plc warned of difficulties with shipments of crude oil from its Forcados terminal -- one of the country’s largest -- during the last 10 days of the month. The Bonny terminal, also operated by Shell, has also had trouble loading cargoes. The country’s output was down 110,000 barrels a day to 1.42 million.

Ten of OPEC’s 13 members were permitted to add roughly 250,000 barrels a day last month under the terms of the group’s accord with the wider coalition, but their combined hike amounted to only 150,000. While Angola managed a modest recovery last month, its output is down almost three times the amount required by the agreement.

The figures are based on ship-tracking data, information from officials and estimates from consultants including Rystad Energy AS and JBC Energy GmbH.

Constraints are hitting other countries in the wider coalition. Russia failed to boost oil output last month despite a generous ramp-up in its OPEC+ quota, indicating the country has deployed all of its current available production capacity.