據(jù)烴加工網(wǎng)站5月21日?qǐng)?bào)道 美國(guó)汽油價(jià)格強(qiáng)勁上漲，鼓勵(lì)煉油廠最大限度地提高汽油產(chǎn)量，盡管它們正與國(guó)際檢疫限制導(dǎo)致的飛機(jī)燃料需求疲軟作斗爭(zhēng)。

　　從期貨價(jià)格來(lái)看，美國(guó)原油生產(chǎn)汽油的銷售毛利已從年初的10美元飆升至每桶24美元以上，為2015年以來(lái)的最高水平。

　　自2006年初以來(lái)的所有幾周里，利潤(rùn)率都處于84%的水平，這給煉油廠帶來(lái)了最大限度提高產(chǎn)量的強(qiáng)烈動(dòng)力，盡管它們抑制了其他燃料的產(chǎn)量。

　　根據(jù)美國(guó)能源信息署（EIA）編制的全國(guó)汽油價(jià)格表，利潤(rùn)率上升已將汽油平均零售成本推高至每加侖3美元以上，為2014年以來(lái)的最高水平。

　　上周，汽油占三大燃料（包括柴油和噴氣式飛機(jī)）總產(chǎn)量的63%，為2009/10年以來(lái)的最高周份額。

　　汽油庫(kù)存達(dá)2.34億桶，比疫情前2015-2019年五年平均水平高出不到1%。

　　消費(fèi)僅比疫情爆發(fā)前五年的平均水平低3%，家庭訂單取消，上班旅行重新啟動(dòng)，大多數(shù)企業(yè)開(kāi)業(yè)。

　　消費(fèi)的復(fù)蘇速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)快于整個(gè)產(chǎn)品，上周仍下降了近6%，煉油廠的原油加工也下降了近9%。

　　高利潤(rùn)率將確保煉油廠盡可能多地從生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中榨出汽油，即使他們繼續(xù)限制原油的開(kāi)采，以避免產(chǎn)生不需要的噴氣燃料。

　　王磊 摘譯自 烴加工

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. refiners boost gasoline output as margins surge

　　U.S. gasoline prices are rising strongly, encouraging refineries to maximise gasoline production, even as they struggle with lacklustre demand for jet fuel due to international quarantine restrictions.

　　based on futures prices, gross margins for making gasoline from U.S. crude oil have surged to more than $24 per barrel, up from just $10 at the start of the year, and the highest level since 2015.

　　Driving the rise in prices is a much faster recovery in demand for gasoline than for other oil products as economies reopen.

　　Margins are now in the 84th percentile for all weeks since the start of 2006, giving refiners a strong incentive to maximise production, even as they hold back output of other fuels (tmsnrt.rs/33YadVh).

　　Rising margins have pushed the average retail cost of gasoline above $3 per gallon, its highest level since 2014, according to nationwide pump prices compiled by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

　　Gasoline accounted for 63% of the total output of the big three fuels (including diesel and jet) last week, among the highest weekly shares since 2009/10.

　　Gasoline inventories amounted to 234 million barrels, less than 1% above the pre-epidemic five-year average for 2015-2019 (“Weekly petroleum status report”, EIA, May 19).

　　Consumption was just 3% below the pre-epidemic five-year average, with stay-at-home orders lifted, travel to work restarting and most businesses open.

　　Consumption has recovered much faster than for products as a whole, still down almost 6% last week, or refineries’ crude processing, down almost 9%.

　　High margins will ensure refiners squeeze as much gasoline out of the process as possible – even as they continue to limit crude runs to avoid producing unwanted jet fuel.

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