據(jù)鉆機(jī)地帶網(wǎng)站8月8日?qǐng)?bào)道，英國(guó)石油公司（bp）正在考慮在愛(ài)爾蘭海建立兩個(gè)海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)，而不需要政府的任何支持——這標(biāo)志著該行業(yè)的發(fā)展首次受到成本上升的阻礙。

這家總部位于倫敦，主要靠出售石油和天然氣賺錢(qián)的公司表示，其可能不會(huì)對(duì)英國(guó)的差價(jià)拍賣合同進(jìn)行投標(biāo)，因?yàn)槠漕A(yù)計(jì)將使用自己生產(chǎn)的電力。

通常情況下，投標(biāo)過(guò)程的設(shè)計(jì)是為了確保消費(fèi)者在合同有效期內(nèi)為他們生產(chǎn)的低碳電力支付固定的、預(yù)先商定的價(jià)格。

bp計(jì)劃在沒(méi)有政府支持的情況下建造兩個(gè)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)，這可能是第一次。

對(duì)于一個(gè)一直依賴政府補(bǔ)貼建設(shè)的市場(chǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)，此舉將是不同尋常的。成本飆升還意味著，在可再生能源需求上升導(dǎo)致一些海上風(fēng)電項(xiàng)目擱淺后，開(kāi)發(fā)商正在尋求更多的公共支持。

該公司首席執(zhí)行官伯納德·魯尼(Bernard Looney)對(duì)最先報(bào)道這一消息的《泰晤士報(bào)》表示，該公司最快將在“明年年底”開(kāi)始建設(shè)摩根和莫娜項(xiàng)目。據(jù)該報(bào)報(bào)道，這些風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)總共將在威爾士北部和英格蘭西北部海岸外20英里處安裝214臺(tái)渦輪機(jī)，可為340萬(wàn)戶家庭供電。

bp正在加快為其海上風(fēng)電擴(kuò)建融資的計(jì)劃，因?yàn)樵摴绢A(yù)計(jì)其自身的電力需求將會(huì)上升。其承諾增加在石油、天然氣和可再生能源方面的支出。

就在上個(gè)月，Vattenfall公司以成本更高為由，取消了在英國(guó)海岸建造風(fēng)力發(fā)電廠的計(jì)劃。據(jù)彭博社(BloombergNEF)報(bào)道，美國(guó)也放棄了類似的計(jì)劃，至少還有另外9.7吉瓦的項(xiàng)目面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈兊拈_(kāi)發(fā)商希望重新談判或退出合同，以出售電力，他們認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的價(jià)格太低，不值得投資。

英國(guó)的風(fēng)電場(chǎng)在獲得規(guī)劃許可和接入國(guó)家電網(wǎng)方面也遇到了拖延。據(jù)英國(guó)《泰晤士報(bào)》報(bào)道，英國(guó)石油公司的項(xiàng)目預(yù)計(jì)要到明年初才能申請(qǐng)規(guī)劃同意書(shū)，這一過(guò)程通常需要至少一年時(shí)間。

在上月舉行的德國(guó)有史以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的海上風(fēng)電拍賣中，該公司是贏家之一。在拍賣中，該公司獲得了在北海建設(shè)4吉瓦裝機(jī)容量的權(quán)利——這幾乎是其全球項(xiàng)目?jī)?chǔ)備的兩倍，使得其全球裝機(jī)容量達(dá)到9.2吉瓦。Looney此前表示，該公司擁有龐大的電動(dòng)汽車充電器、煉油業(yè)務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并正在該國(guó)建設(shè)生物燃料工廠，這將需要大量的綠色電力。

郝芬 譯自 鉆機(jī)地帶網(wǎng)站

原文如下：

BP Plans Two UK Wind Farms for Own Power Supply

BP Plc is considering building two offshore wind farms in the Irish Sea without any support from the government — marking a first for the sector where development has been hindered by rising costs. 

The London-based company, which makes most of its money selling oil and gas, said it may not place bids on the UK’s contracts for difference auctions because it expects to use the generated electricity itself. 

Normally, the bid process is designed to ensure that consumers pay generators a fixed, pre-agreed price for the low-carbon power they produce during the contract’s duration.

In a potential first, BP plans to build two wind farms without government support.

The move would be unusual for a market that has always relied on government subsidies for construction. Soaring costs also mean that developers are seeking for more public support after some offshore wind projects were derailed as demand for renewable energy rises. 

Chief Executive Officer Bernard Looney told The Times, who first reported the news, that the company could start building the Morgan and Mona projects as soon as “l(fā)ate next year.” The wind farms together would boast up to 214 turbines about 20 miles off the coasts of north Wales and northwest England and could power 3.4 million homes, the newspaper reported. 

BP is ramping up its plans to finance an expansion in offshore wind as it expects that its own need for power will rise. It has pledged to boost spending on both oil and gas as well as renewables. 

only last month, Vattenfall AB scrapped plans for a wind farm off the coast of Britain, citing higher costs. Similar initiatives have also been dropped in the US, and at least another 9.7 gigawatts of projects there are at risk because their developers want to renegotiate or exit contracts to sell power at prices that they say are now too low to make the investments worth it, according to BloombergNEF.

Wind farms in the UK have also struggled with delays in securing planning consent and connections to the national grid. BP’s projects are not expected to apply for planning consent until early next year, a process that usually takes at least a year, the Times reported.

The company was one of the winners in Germany’s biggest ever offshore wind auction last month, where it secured the rights to construct 4 gigawatts of capacity in the North Sea — almost doubling its global pipeline of projects to 9.2 gigawatts. The company has a large network of electric vehicle chargers, refining operations and is building a biofuels plant in the country, which will require large amounts of green electricity, Looney previously said.