????通訊員 據(jù)路透社3月2日倫敦報(bào)道，去年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)猛跌時(shí)，人們爭(zhēng)相儲(chǔ)存大量非必需的原油和原油產(chǎn)品，但價(jià)格上漲和對(duì)需求的樂(lè)觀情緒促使儲(chǔ)存合約被迅速解除。
????馬基特(IHS Markit)預(yù)計(jì)顯示，截至2月底，固定油輪上存放10天以上的成品油量為1,920萬(wàn)桶，較去年5月的峰值8,400萬(wàn)桶下降了77%。
????歐佩克及歐佩克＋密切關(guān)注全球庫(kù)存，減產(chǎn)速度將是其在周四舉行的產(chǎn)出政策會(huì)議上討論的主要因素。
????一年前，交易商還在努力追尋儲(chǔ)存空間，隨著燃料消耗的大幅下降，儲(chǔ)存價(jià)格飆升。去年5月，成品油輪的收益激增至創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的每天10萬(wàn)美元以上，而目前的收益還不到1萬(wàn)美元。
????斯堪的納維亞半島偏遠(yuǎn)的鹽穴和未使用的美國(guó)管道和火車被投入使用。
????石油經(jīng)紀(jì)人稱，但現(xiàn)在，在歐洲西北部、地中海、中東和北美地區(qū)，儲(chǔ)存能力又開(kāi)始恢復(fù)。
????鹿特丹ODIN-RVB儲(chǔ)存解決方案公司經(jīng)紀(jì)人Krien van Beek稱：“各方已發(fā)出通知，要求在4月至5月終止合同。”
????現(xiàn)貨價(jià)格高于遠(yuǎn)期交割的現(xiàn)貨溢價(jià)，鼓勵(lì)交易商減少石油供應(yīng)并迅速出售。
????Refinitiv數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在歐洲，6個(gè)月期柴油價(jià)差在2月19日達(dá)到每噸8美元，為13個(gè)月來(lái)最大現(xiàn)貨溢價(jià)。
????去年4月，當(dāng)全球人口流動(dòng)受到嚴(yán)格限制時(shí)，這一價(jià)差曾低至每噸負(fù)92美元。
????據(jù)ODIN-RVB 儲(chǔ)存解決方案公司稱，儲(chǔ)存能力預(yù)計(jì)將在第二季度開(kāi)始使用，特別是在斯堪的納維亞半島。
????2月19日，6個(gè)月期美國(guó)柴油期貨價(jià)差達(dá)到每加侖4.35美分，為2020年1月以來(lái)的最高水平。去年3月初，其價(jià)差為負(fù)3.2美分。
????紐約商品交易所(New York Mercantile Exchange)的柴油期貨基準(zhǔn)也處于現(xiàn)貨溢價(jià)狀態(tài)。4月份交割的柴油價(jià)格比5月份的每加侖高出0.5美分左右。一年前，它還存在期貨溢價(jià)，比5月份的合約價(jià)格每加侖低0.2美分左右。
????美國(guó)能源信息署(EIA)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2月19日當(dāng)周，美國(guó)餾分油庫(kù)存降至1.527億桶，為2020年底以來(lái)最低水平。
????裘寅 編譯自 路透社
????原文如下：
????Oil optimism unwinding market's mad dash for storage
????When the world economy slammed on the brakes last year, there was a rush to store a wave of unwanted crude and products, but rising prices and optimism about demand is spurring a swift unwinding of storage contracts.
????At the end of February, the volume of refined products held on stationary tankers for over 10 days stood at 19.2 million barrels, down 77% from a peak of 84 million last May, IHS Markit estimates show.
????The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, a group known as OPEC+, closely monitors global inventories, and the rate of drawdowns will be a major factor discussed when it meets on output policy on Thursday.
????A year ago, traders were struggling to find storage capacity, and prices for it surged as fuel consumption plummeted. Earnings for product tankers surged to record highs above $100,000 a day last May versus less than $10,000 currently.
????Remote salt caverns in Scandinavia and unused U.S. pipelines and railcars were pressed into service.
????But now, capacity is again becoming available, in Northwestern Europe, the Mediterranean, Middle East and North America, brokers said.
????“Parties are giving notice to terminate contracts by April-May,” said Krien van Beek, a broker at ODIN-RVB Tank Storage Solutions in Rotterdam.
????Backwardation, where spot prices are higher than for later delivery, encourages traders to draw down oil supplies and sell promptly.
????In Europe, the six-month diesel spread reached $8 a tonne on February 19 in its biggest backwardation in 13 months, Refinitiv data showed.
????The spread was as low as minus $92 a tonne last April, when the world population went under strict lockdowns.
????Storage capacity is expected to become available in the second quarter, especially in Scandinavia, according to ODIN-RVB Tank Storage.
????The six-month U.S. diesel futures spread reached 4.35 cents per gallon on Feb. 19, its highest since January 2020. At the start of last March, it stood at minus 3.2 cents.
????The diesel futures benchmark on the New York Mercantile Exchange is also in backwardation. Diesel for April delivery was trading at around 0.5 cent per gallon more than for May. A year ago, it was in contango, trading at about 0.2 cent per gallon less than the May contract.
????U.S. distillate inventories in the week to Feb. 19 fell to 152.7 million barrels, their lowest since the end of 2020, Energy Information Administration data showed.
