據(jù)油價(jià)網(wǎng)2021年5月28日?qǐng)?bào)道，穆迪投資者服務(wù)公司在一份對(duì)石油行業(yè)的評(píng)論中稱，一

　　些最大的國(guó)際石油公司日前在董事會(huì)和法庭上采取的與氣候有關(guān)的行動(dòng)表明，石油行業(yè)面

　　臨的威脅正在上升。

　　穆迪投資者服務(wù)公司表示：“法庭對(duì)荷蘭皇家殼牌公司做出的一項(xiàng)新裁決，以及埃克森美孚公司和雪佛龍公司的股東投票結(jié)果，突顯出全球主要石油生產(chǎn)商對(duì)氣候變化的擔(dān)憂導(dǎo)致信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不斷增加。”

　　近日，美國(guó)最大的兩家石油公司埃克森美孚公司和雪佛龍公司的股東們?cè)谀甓裙蓶|大會(huì)上的投票結(jié)果表明，他們希望石油巨頭采取更多的氣候行動(dòng)和具體的氣候相關(guān)政策，以減少排放，并在能源轉(zhuǎn)型中保持相關(guān)性。

　　在埃克森美孚公司，維權(quán)投資者基金Engine No. 1在一次投票中贏得了董事會(huì)席位，顯示出更多股東希望改變這家石油巨頭現(xiàn)在的運(yùn)作方式和為未來做準(zhǔn)備的方式。

　　在雪佛龍公司，股東們支持一項(xiàng)建議，即該公司削減其所謂的范圍3排放，即使用其產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生的排放。這是投資者發(fā)表的另一份強(qiáng)有力的聲明，稱他們希望氣候問題得到解決。

　　在荷蘭，法院下令殼牌公司到2030年前將凈碳排放量削減45%。

　　據(jù)路透社報(bào)道，穆迪投資者服務(wù)公司在評(píng)論石油巨頭與氣候相關(guān)的行動(dòng)時(shí)說：

　　“這些行動(dòng)代表著石油公司的前景發(fā)生了重大變化。在氣候相關(guān)問題上，石油公司此前曾在法庭上獲勝，并在很大程度上避開了重要股東投票。”

　　據(jù)該評(píng)級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)稱，本周最重要的進(jìn)展是，埃克森美孚公司的董事會(huì)席位輸給了激進(jìn)投資者Engine No. 1，因?yàn)檫@“可能預(yù)示著美國(guó)其他石油公司未來的董事會(huì)選舉也會(huì)出現(xiàn)類似的結(jié)果。”

　　穆迪投資者服務(wù)公司補(bǔ)充稱，埃克森美孚公司董事會(huì)的投票也是最重要的，因?yàn)樗哂屑s束力，不像法院案件可以上訴。

　　穆迪投資者服務(wù)公司稱，股東們對(duì)氣候政策投資需求的增加將提高石油巨頭的資本成本，并可能減少未能滿足投資者預(yù)期的石油公司的資本可用性。

　　李峻 編譯自 油價(jià)網(wǎng)

　　原文如下：

　　Moody’s: Credit Risk Is Growing For Big Oil

　　This week’s climate-related actions in boardrooms and courtrooms involving some of the largest international oil companies signal rising threat to the sector, Moody’s Investor Service said in a comment on the industry.

　　“A new court ruling against Royal Dutch Shell and shareholder votes at ExxonMobil and Chevron highlights the increasing credit risk for major oil producers over concerns about climate change,” Moody’s said.

　　This week, shareholders at the two largest U.S. oil corporations, Exxon and Chevron, showed with votes at the annual shareholders’ meetings that they want more climate action and specific climate-related policies from the oil majors to cut emissions and stay relevant in the energy transition.

　　At Exxon, activist investor fund Engine No. 1 won board seats in a vote that showed more shareholders want changes to the way the oil supermajor works now and prepares for the future.

　　At Chevron, shareholders backed a proposal that the company cut its so-called Scope 3 emissions, the ones generated by the use of its products, in another powerful statement from investors that they want the climate issue addressed.

　　In the Netherlands, Shell was ordered by a court to slash its net carbon emissions by 45 percent by 2030.

　　Commenting on these climate-related actions at Big Oil, Moody’s said, as carried by Reuters:

　　“These actions represent a substantial shift in the landscape for oil companies, which had previously prevailed in courts, and largely fend off significant shareholder votes, on climate-related matters.”

　　This week’s most important development was Exxon losing board seats to the activist investor Engine No. 1, according to the rating agency, because it “l(fā)ikely presages similar results in future board elections at other U.S. oil companies.”

　　Moody’s added that Exxon’s board vote was also the most important because it is binding, unlike the court case, which can be appealed.

　　Rising shareholder demand for investment in climate policies would raise Big Oil’s capital costs and could reduce the availability of capital for oil firms failing to meet investor expectations, according to Moody’s.

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