據(jù)鉆機(jī)地帶12月28日消息，墨西哥計(jì)劃在2023年停止原油出口，這是政府實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)內(nèi)燃料市場(chǎng)自給自足戰(zhàn)略的一部分。

墨西哥國(guó)家石油公司(Pemex，簡(jiǎn)稱墨國(guó)油)首席執(zhí)行官奧克塔維奧·羅梅羅周二在墨西哥城舉行的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上表示，墨國(guó)油將在2022年將原油出口量減少到每天43.5萬(wàn)桶，然后在次年逐步停止向海外客戶銷售。

此舉是洛佩斯·奧夫拉多爾擴(kuò)大墨西哥國(guó)內(nèi)燃料生產(chǎn)而不是將石油出口到國(guó)外同時(shí)進(jìn)口汽油和柴油等昂貴精煉產(chǎn)品的舉措的一部分。墨西哥目前主要從美國(guó)煉油廠購(gòu)買燃料。

如果墨國(guó)油承諾得以兌現(xiàn)，這將標(biāo)志著其作為過去幾十年里最著名的石油公司之一退出國(guó)際石油市場(chǎng)。在2004年的鼎盛時(shí)期，墨國(guó)油每天向日本和印度的煉油廠出口近190萬(wàn)桶石油，并以觀察員身份參加了歐佩克的會(huì)議。

墨國(guó)油的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，上個(gè)月該公司向海外銷售的原油日產(chǎn)量略高于100萬(wàn)桶。

羅梅羅表示，由于墨國(guó)油增加了國(guó)內(nèi)原油加工，其國(guó)內(nèi)原油加工在2022年將達(dá)到151萬(wàn)桶/天，到2023年將達(dá)到200萬(wàn)桶/天，因此將減少出口。這家墨西哥鉆探公司將把所有產(chǎn)量投入其6家煉油廠，包括位于東南部塔巴斯科州的一座在建設(shè)施，以及得克薩斯州休斯敦附近正在收購(gòu)的另一座設(shè)施。即使位于美國(guó)邊境，該工廠也被視為墨西哥煉油系統(tǒng)的一部分。

預(yù)計(jì)占墨西哥原油出口四分之一以上的亞洲煉油廠將首當(dāng)其沖地受到出口削減的影響。減產(chǎn)將對(duì)韓國(guó)和印度的煉油廠造成最嚴(yán)重的沖擊，而美國(guó)和歐洲的煉油廠預(yù)計(jì)減產(chǎn)幅度較小，因?yàn)槟珖?guó)油放棄了早些時(shí)候從美國(guó)市場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)向多元化的計(jì)劃。

裘寅 編譯自 鉆機(jī)地帶

原文如下：

Mexico to Stop Exporting Oil in 2023

Mexico plans to end crude oil exports in 2023 as part of a strategy by the government to reach self-sufficiency in the domestic fuels market.

Petroleos Mexicanos, the Mexican state-owned producer known as Pemex, will reduce crude oil exports to 435,000 barrels a day in 2022 before phasing out sales to clients abroad the following year, Chief Executive Officer Octavio Romero said during a press conference in Mexico City on Tuesday. 

The move is part of a drive by Lopez Obrador to expand Mexico’s domestic production of fuels instead of sending its oil abroad while it imports costly refined products, like gasoline and diesel. Mexico currently buys the bulk of the fuels it consumes from U.S. refineries.

If fulfilled, Pemex’s pledge will mark the withdrawal from the international oil market by one of it’s most prominent players of the past decades. At its peak in 2004, Pemex exported almost 1.9 million barrels a day to refineries from the Japan to India, and was a participant in meetings by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries as observer.

Last month, the Mexican company sold abroad slightly more than one million daily barrels, according to Pemex data.

The export reduction will come as Pemex increases its domestic crude processing, which will reach 1.51 million barrels a day in 2022 and 2 million daily barrels in 2023, Romero said. The Mexican driller will plow all of its production into its six refineries, including a facility under construction in the southeastern state of Tabasco and another one being bought near Houston, Texas. This plant is considered part of Mexico’s refining system even if located across the U.S. border.  

Asian refineries, which account for more than a quarter of Mexican crude exports, are expected to bear the brunt of the export cuts. 

The reductions are expected to hit refiners in South Korea and India the hardest, with smaller cuts seen to buyers in the U.S. and Europe, as Pemex backtracks on earlier plans to diversify away from the U.S. market.

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